What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a chronic condition that results in the abnormal growth of endometrial cells, which are cells that are commonly found in the uterus. When this condition occurs, these cells grow outside of the uterus and can form elsewhere in the body, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines and bladder. The term endometrial implants is commonly used to describe the growths and tissue that are growing outside of the uterus.
Who it Affects
The condition affects women who are in their reproductive years and is
most likely to be diagnosed in women who are between 25-35 years of age.
Endometriosis rarely affects women who are postmenopausal and most
commonly affects women who are relatively thin and have a low BMI, or
body mass index. In comparison to other ethnicities, white women are the
most at risk for developing endometriosis. Women with a family history
of endometriosis are also at an increased risk.
Causes
While the exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, there are many
potential causes for this condition. The cause that has received a great
deal of support is a process called retrograde menstruation. During
this process, menstrual blood flow that contains endometrial tissue
flows back into the fallopian tubes and pelvic cavity, rather than
leaving the body.
Researchers also believe the tissues that line the pelvic organs have
the ability to change into endometrial cells since they are descended
from embryonic cells. Hormones are also a factor in the development of
endometriosis, as it is thought that estrogen promotes the growth of
abnormal endometrial cells.
Symptoms
Many women can have endometriosis and not even be aware that they have
the condition. When symptoms are present, pain in the lower abdominal
area is the most commonly experienced symptom for the majority of women.
The pain felt is often stronger during a woman's period. While some
cramping and pain is normal during a menstrual period, the pain that is
felt in endometriosis often interferes with everyday activities and can
become debilitating for some women. Pain in the lower back, spotting,
heavy periods, constipation, diarrhea and pain during intercourse are
additional symptoms associated with endometriosis.
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